Combined effects of light intensity and NH^＋4-enrichment on growth,pigmentation, and photosynthetic performance of Ulva prolifera （Chlorophyta）     

徐智广  吴海一  詹冬梅  孙福新  孙建璋  王广策 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(5):1016-1023

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of light intensity and enhanced nitrogen supply on the growth and photosynthesis of the green-tide macroalga, Ulva prolifera. Thalli of U. prolifera were grown in natural or NH 4 +-enriched seawater under two different light intensities for 7 days, and then the growth rate, pigmentation, and photosynthetic performance of the thalli were evaluated. The results show that the relative growth rate(RGR) was markedly higher under the high light level than under the low light level. Enrichment with NH 4 + enhanced the RGR under high light intensity, but did not affect RGR under low light intensity. In low light conditions, NH 4 +-enrichment resulted in a marked decrease in the maximal photosynthetic rate( P m) and the maximum carbon fixation rate( V max), but it did not affect the half saturation constant for carbon( K 0.5) or the ratio of V max to K 0.5, which reflects the carbon acquisition efficiency. In high light conditions, P m, K 0.5, and the dark respiration rate( R d) increased under NH 4 + enrichment, but V max and the V max / K 0.5 ratio decreased. Regardless of the light intensity, NH 4 +-enrichment did not affect the apparent photosynthetic efficiency( α), which refl ects the ability of the alga to use light energy at low light levels. Under both low and high light intensities, the chlorophyll a(Chl a), chlorophyll b(Chl b), and carotenoids(Car) contents in thalli were higher in NH 4 +-enriched than in natural seawater, except that there was a decrease in the Chl b content of thalli in NH 4 +-enriched seawater under low light intensity. Therefore, NH 4 + enrichment improved the growth and photosynthetic performance of U. prolifera under high light intensity, but not under low light intensity. We discuss the possible mechanisms underlying these physiological responses.  相似文献   

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张锐  刘志广  占伟  梁洪宝  师宏波  王友  董彦知  李瑜 《大地测量与地球动力学》2014,34(2):31-35

????????????????GNSS??????????????о???????????1???????????????????仯?????????????仯????????仯???????仯?й??2???????????????????????????????????????????????仯????????С??3?????3.5 m????????????????????????????????????????  相似文献   

一次台风暴雨过程的水汽特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

洪展 《气象研究与应用》2014,35(4):16-18

对2014年7月18-19日桂东南受1409号台风＂威马逊＂影响,出现一次降雨强度大、影响范围广、降雨时间长的暴雨过程进行水汽特征分析,得出和验证了有利于出现强降水的大尺度环流背景下,充分的水汽供应是暴雨形成的基本条件之一,水汽通量场反映了水汽源源不断向桂东南输送,水汽通量散度进一步反映有大量的水汽往桂东南输送。  相似文献   

Experimental investigation on shear strength and permeability of a deeply dewatered sewage sludge for use in landfill covers     

Ping Chen  Liangtong Zhan  Ward Wilson 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(10):4593-4602

This paper presents an experimental study on a deeply dewatered sewage sludge produced by using a new technique of membrane filter press. The experiments involve measurements of sludge composition, basic physical properties, shear strength, water permeability, and leaching toxicity. The measurements of shear strength and permeability were also performed on the sludge specimens soaked in a low acid leachate or distilled water for 1 and 2 months. This is to investigate the influence of chemical change in pore fluid as a result of rainfall infiltration or leachate seepage at landfills. Comparison tests were also carried out on silty clay that is commonly used for landfill cover material. The experimental results show that the deeply dewatered sludge contains 66 % organic content and 85 % water content (dry mass basis). The undrained shear strength of the sludge is >25 kPa even after 2-month soaking in the leachate and distilled water, meeting the requirement of the Chinese standard [CJ/T249-2007, Disposal of sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant: sludge quality for co-landfilling. Ministry of Building and Construction, P.R. China (in Chinese), 2007]. The measured cohesion and friction angle for the sludge are >20 kPa and 22.3°, respectively. The soaking of sludge specimens in either leachate or distilled water resulted in an increase in frictional angle by several degrees. The water permeability for the sludge ranges from 0.68 × 10^?8 to 1.3 × 10^?8 cm/s, and permeability after 2-month soaking is less than the minimum requirement for the barrier layer of landfill covers (i.e., 1.0 × 10^?7 cm/s). The concentrations of heavy metals leaching from the dewatered sludge are lower than the limit values of leaching toxicity for the wastewater discharge standard of China. The experimental results indicate that deeply dewatered sludge can be used as an alternative material for the barrier layer of landfill covers.  相似文献   

Non-Darcian flow toward a larger-diameter partially penetrating well in a confined aquifer     

Zhang Wen  Kai Liu  Hongbin Zhan 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(11):4617-4625

In this study, non-Darcian flow to a larger-diameter partially penetrating well in a confined aquifer was investigated. The flow in the horizontal direction was assumed to be non-Darcian and described by the Izbash equation, and the flow in the vertical direction was assumed to be Darcian. A linearization procedure was used to approximate the nonlinear governing equation. The Laplace transform associated with the finite cosine Fourier transform was used to solve such non-Darcian flow model. Both the drawdowns inside the well and in the aquifer were analyzed under different conditions. The results indicated that the drawdowns inside the well were generally the same at early times under different conditions, and the features of the drawdowns inside the well at late times were similar to those of the drawdowns in the aquifer. The drawdown in the aquifer for the non-Darcian flow case was larger at early times and smaller at late times than their counterparts of Darcian flow case. The drawdowns for a partially penetrating well were the same as those of a fully penetrating well at early times, and were larger than those for a fully penetrating well at late times. A longer well screen resulted in a smaller drawdown in the aquifer at late times. A larger power index n in the Izbash equation resulted in a larger drawdown in the aquifer at early times and led to a smaller drawdown in the aquifer at late times. A larger well radius led to a smaller drawdown at early times, but it had little impact on the drawdown at late times. The wellbore storage effect disappears earlier when n is larger.  相似文献   

国际经济地理学研究的知识图谱分析     

展亚荣  谷人旭 《热带地理》2022,42(5):706-715

基于Web of Science核心数据库收录的1982－2020年7 260篇期刊论文及其参考文献,借助CiteSpace绘制国际经济地理学的知识图谱,梳理该领域的知识基础、研究热点和研究前沿。结果发现：1）知识基础的演进轨迹遵循了新区域主义——制度、社会、文化、演化转向的时序变化,21世纪以来,关系、演化经济地理学下的经典文献成为主要的知识来源。2）研究热点突出,创新和增长始终是研究核心,近年来韧性、全球生产网络、金融地理、全球城市、不平等、企业家精神等成为新的研究热点。3）研究前沿具有较强的问题导向,主要基于西方发达国家的产业发展实践。4）研究空间呈现英美主导的两级格局,大部分国家仍处于边缘地带。5）国际经济地理学呈现明显的数字转向、可持续转型趋势,新冠疫情对学科走向也有一定影响。借鉴国际研究经验,中国经济地理学应加强理论创新并提出具有中国实践特色的理论体系,同时推动多学科之间的交叉融合并加强从社会学视角解读社会经济活动的地理学意义。  相似文献   

一次华北气旋造成北京特大暴雪天气过程分析     

詹正杰  尹仔锋  乔林  赵玮  孙秀忠 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2014,8(5):10-15

利用北京延庆站和海淀站风廓线产品、微波辐射计产品、北京市雷达产品(南郊和车道沟)、北京市58个称重雨量站观测资料、FY-2E卫星云图、常规气象资料综合分析2012年11月3到4日北京暴雪天气过程。分析表明：降水相态(雨、雪)由华北气旋的锋面性质和锋面位置决定;过程雨雪量由气旋的强度、持续时间和水汽通道维持时间决定;风廓线和微波辐射计产品资料在雨雪开始时间、雨雪相态转换方面有明显的指示性作用。  相似文献   

贵州省近30a秋风的气候特征分析     

李忠燕  吴战平 《贵州气象》2014,(1):5-9

利用1981—2010年30 a贵州省78站逐日日平均气温数据和NCEP/NCAR逐日的再分析资料,采用合成、EOF分解、傅立叶滤波等方法,分析了贵州省秋风的气候特征。结果表明:贵州省秋风天气强度有自西向东部或向东南部、东北部递减的分布规律。贵州省异常秋风过程次数的空间分布表现为全省各站呈同位相变化,进入2000年后,秋风过程次数由全省秋风偏弱偏少型转为全省秋风偏多偏强型。在环流场上,纬向西风在不断东移的过程中不断分裂出短波槽引导冷空气南下影响贵州,形成秋风天气过程,因而造成的秋风过程时间较长,强度较大。对秋风过程的环流场进行滤波表明:1波对于秋风过程有着十分显著的影响,而1波、2波在时间上的配合对于秋风过程也非常重要。  相似文献   

Correlation between the mean matter density and the width of the saturated Lyα absorption     

Hu Zhan 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,344(3):935-941

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陈连旺  詹自敏 《大地测量与地球动力学》2011,31(6):1-5

?????????????????????????????????????ó???????????????????????仯??????1???????????仯????????????????NNW-SSE??????????3~9 kPa a^-1???????????仯???????????????NEE-SWW??????????1~6 kPa a^-1?????????????????????????????????????￡?2???????????仯????????????????NNW????????????????,??????????????????????????????????仯???????????????NEE????????λ?????????????????????仯????????????????????????????????????????????п????????Щ???????????????????3?????????????????????????????????з???????????-???ε???????????????????6 kPa a^-1?????-?????ε???????????????????5 kPa a^-1???????κ??????媲????ε????????????????????3~4 kPa a^-1??  相似文献